VAT Calculator
Quickly calculate the VAT on any amount — whether you need to add VAT to a net price or find out how much VAT is included in a gross price. This VAT calculator covers UK standard rate (20%), reduced rate (5%), zero-rate (0%), and custom rates for EU and international use.
Educational estimate. Calculator results are for planning and information only, not financial, tax, medical, legal, or engineering advice. Verify important decisions with official sources or a qualified professional.
VAT Calculator
UK & EU Value Added Tax (2024)
📐 Formula & Method
Adding VAT (Exclusive → Inclusive)
Use this when you have the price before VAT (ex-VAT or net) and need to find the total price including VAT.
Removing VAT (Inclusive → Exclusive)
Use this when you have a VAT-inclusive price and need to find the original net price and the VAT amount within it.
📋 How to Use
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1
Enter the amount — this is either the net price (ex-VAT) or gross price (inc-VAT).
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2
Select the VAT rate — 20% is the standard UK rate; 5% applies to items like domestic energy and children's car seats.
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3
Select whether you want to Add VAT or Remove VAT.
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4
Click Calculate to see the VAT amount, net price, and gross price instantly.
UK VAT Rates Explained (2024)
VAT (Value Added Tax) is a consumption tax levied on most goods and services in the UK. It was introduced in 1973 and is administered by HMRC. The standard rate has been 20% since January 2011. Businesses with a taxable turnover above £90,000 (from April 2024) must register for VAT and charge it to customers.
The UK has three VAT rates: the standard rate of 20% (applies to most goods and services), the reduced rate of 5% (applies to domestic energy, children's car seats, mobility aids for elderly people, and some renovation work), and the zero rate of 0% (applies to most food, children's clothing and footwear, books, newspapers, and public transport fares).
When a business quotes a price "ex-VAT" or "net of VAT", you need to add VAT to find the total price you'll pay. When a price is quoted "inc. VAT" or "VAT inclusive", the VAT is already included in the price shown. To find how much VAT is in a VAT-inclusive price, divide by 1.20 (for 20%) and subtract from the original — or use the Remove VAT option in this calculator.
For US users: the equivalent of VAT in the US is sales tax, but the systems work very differently. US sales tax is only charged at the point of final sale to the consumer and is not reclaimed through the supply chain, whereas UK VAT applies at each stage of production with businesses reclaiming input VAT on their purchases.
🔬 Methodology & Accuracy
Formula: Uses the standard mathematical formula shown in the Formula & Method section above. All computations run client-side in your browser — no data is sent to our servers.
Data sources: Tax bands, contribution limits and regulatory rates are taken from official US (IRS, SSA) and UK (HMRC, gov.uk) publications for the current tax year, and updated when bands change.
Last reviewed: June 2026 · Accuracy: Results are precise to two decimal places using IEEE-754 double-precision arithmetic. Intended for educational and planning use only.
For informational purposes only. Results are estimates based on the inputs and formulas provided. For financial, tax, medical, or legal decisions, consult a qualified professional. Rates and regulations change — always verify current figures with official sources.